KAYU KERAS

(angiosperm)

• Afzelia (Afzelia)
• Agba
• Albizia (Albizia)
• Alder (Alnus)
  • Black alder (Alnus glutinosa)
  • Red alder (Alnus rubra)
• Applewood or wild apple (Malus)
• Ash (Fraxinus)
  • Black ash (Fraxinus nigra)
  • Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata)
  • Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
  • Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata)
  • White ash (Fraxinus americana)
• Aspen (Populus)
  • American aspen (Populus tremuloides)
  • Bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata)
  • European aspen (Populus tremula)
• Ayan (Distemonanthus benthamianus)
• Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)
• Basswood (Tilia americana)
• Beech (Fagus)
  • European Beech (Fagus sylvatica)
  • American Beech (Fagus grandifolia)
• Birch (Betula)
  • American birches
    • Gray birch (Betula populifolia)
    • Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
    • Sweet birch (Betula lenta)
    • Yellow birch (Betula lutea or B. alleghaniensis ) - most common birch wood sold in N.Am.
  • European birches
    • Silver birch (Betula pendula)
    • White Birch also Baltic birch (N.Am.) (Betula pubescens)

• Blackbean (Castanospermum australe)
• Blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon)
• Bocote (Cordia alliodora)
• Boxwood or Box (Buxus sempervirens)
• Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata)
• Buckeye (Aesculus)
  • Common Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
  • Yellow Buckeye (Aesculus flava)
• Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
• Carapa (or Andiroba, Carap, Crappo, Crabwood and Santa Maria) (Carapa guianensis) .
• Catalpa (Catalpa)
• Cherry (Prunus)
  • Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
  • Red cherry (Prunus pennsylvanica)
  • Wild cherry (Prunus avium)
  • "Brazilian Cherry" Not a Cherry See Jatoba below
• Chestnut (Castanea dentata)
• Coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalem)
• Cocobolo (Dalbergia retusa)
• Coralwood or Bubinga (Guibourtia spp.)
• Corkwood (Leitneria floridana)
• Cottonwood, eastern (Populus deltoides)
• Dogwood (Cornus spp.)
• Ebony (Diospyros)
  • Andaman marble-wood (India) (Diospyros kursii)
  • Ebène marbre (Maritius, E. Africa) (Diospyros melanida)
• Elm
  • American elm (Ulmus americana)
  • English elm (Ulmus procera)
  • Rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
  • Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra)
  • Wych elm (Ulmus glabra)
• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus)
  • Lyptus
  • Karri (W. Australia) (Eucalyptus diversicolor)
  • Mahogany eucalyptus, (New South Wales) (Eucalyptus)
  • Jarrah or West Australian eucalyptus (Eucalyptus marginata)
  • Tasmanian oak or Mountain ash, (Eucalyptus regnans)
• Greenheart (British Guiana) (Nectandra rodioei)
• Grenadilla (Mpingo) (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
• Gum
  • Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica)
  • Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus)
  • Redgum or Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
  • Tupelo gum (Nyssa aquatica)
• Hickory (Carya)
  • Mockernut hickory (Carya alba)
  • Pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
  • Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata)
  • Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa)
• Hornbeam (Carpinus species)
• Hornbeam, American (Ostrya virginiana)
• Ipe (Tabebuia impetiginosa)
• Iroko (Clorophora excelsa)
• Ironwood refers to the wood of many tree species noted for the hardness of their wood. Trees commonly known as ironwoods include:
  • Carpinus caroliniana — also known as American hornbeam
  • Casuarina equisetifolia — Common Ironwood from Australia
  • Choricarpia subargentea
  • Copaifera spp.
  • Eusideroxylon zwageri
  • Guajacum officinale and Guajacum sanctum — Lignum vitae
  • Hopea odorata
  • Krugiodendron ferreum — Black Ironwood
  • Lyonothamnus lyonii (L. floribundus) — Catalina Ironwood
  • Mesua ferrea — also known as Rose Chestnut or Ceylon Ironwood, from Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia
  • Olea spp. — various olive trees
  • Olneya tesota — Desert Ironwood
  • Ostrya virginiana — Hop hornbeam
  • Parrotia persica — Persian Ironwood
  • Tabebuia serratifolia — Ipe
• Jacarandá, Brazilian rosewood (Dalbergia nigra)
• Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril)
• Lacewood from the Sycamore(N.Am.) or Plane(UK) trees (Platanus species)
  • In N.Am. also refers to Australian Silky oak
• Lauan or Luan (Shorea spp.)
• Laurel, California (Umbellularia californica)
• Limba (Terminalia superba)
• Lignum vitae (Guaiacum officinale and Guaiacum sanctum)
• Locust
  • Black locust or Yellow locust (Robinia pseudacacia)
  • Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
• Magnolia, cucumber (Magnolia acuminata)
• Mahogany
  • Mahogany (African) (Khaya ivorensis)
  • Mahogany (West Indies or Cuban) (Swietenia mahagoni)
  • Mahogany (Honduras, Central and South America) (Swietenia macrophylla)
  • Mahogany (Phillipine), Not a mahogany, see Lauan.
• Maple (Acer)
  • Hard Maple (N.Am.)
    • Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
    • Black maple (Acer nigrum)
  • Soft Maple (N.Am.)
    • Manitoba maple (Acer negundo)
    • Red maple (Acer rubrum)
    • Silver maple (Acer saccharinum)
  • European Maples
    • Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)
    • Norway maple (Acer platanoides)
    • Field maple (Acer campestre)
• Meranti (Shorea spp.)
• Mpingo (Grenadilla) (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
• Oak (Quercus)
  • American White Oak includes wood from any of the following species of trees:
    • Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
    • White oak (Quercus alba)
    • Post oak (Quercus stellata)
    • Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor)
    • Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana)
    • Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii
    • Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus or Q. montana))
    • Chinkapin oak (Quercus muhlenbergii)
    • Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)
    • Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata)
  • English oak, also French and Slovenian oak barrels (Quercus robur)
  • Red Oakincludes wood from any of the following species of trees:
    • Red oak (Quercus rubra)
    • Black oak (Quercus velutina)
    • Pin oak (Quercus pallustris)
    • Scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea)
    • Laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia))
    • Southern red oak (Quercus falcata)
    • Water oak (Quercus nigra)
    • Willow oak {Quercus phellos)
    • Nuttall's oak (Quercus texana or Q. nuttallii)
    • Willow oak (Quercus phellos)
  • "Tasmanian oak"; Not an oak see Eucalyptus above
  • Australian "Silky oak"; Not an oak see Silky Oak below
• Okoumé or "Gaboon" (Aucoumea klaineana)
• Oregon Myrtle or California Bay Laurel (Umbellularia californica)
• Pear (Pyrus communis)
• Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)
• Poplar (Populus; in N.Am., wood sold as poplar is usually Yellow-poplar — see below)
  • Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
  • Black poplar (Populus nigra)
  • Hybrid poplar (Populus x canadensis)
• Ramin
• Redcedar (Toona ciliata)
• Rosewood (Dalbergia spp.)
• Sal (Shorea robusta)
• Sandalwood (Santalum album)
• Sassafras (Sassafras uariafolium)
• Sassafras (Australia) (Atherosperma moschatum)
• Satinwood (Ceylon) (Chloroxylon swietenia)
• Silky Oak; (Grevillea robusta); Sold as Lacewood in North America
• Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum)
• Spanish-cedar (Cedrela odorata)
• American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
• Teak (Tectona grandis)
• Utile (Entandrophragma utile)
• Walnut (Juglans)
  • Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
  • Persian Walnut (Juglans regia)
  • Brazilian walnut; Not a walnut see Ipe above.
• Willow (Salix)
  • Black willow (Salix nigra)
  • Cricket-bat willow (Salix alba 'Coerulea')
  • White willow (Salix alba)
• Yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)